Managing Dry Skin: The Importance of Moisturisation

Dry skin affects a large portion of the population, particularly in climates where cold weather and low humidity strip moisture from the air.

Genetics also play a role, and many people with atopic dermatitis experience persistent dryness. In these climates, even those without a predisposition can see their skin become rough or flaky simply due to environmental factors.

Common symptoms include tightness, rough or scaly patches, and increased sensitivity—especially on the face. Untreated dryness can progress to inflammation or true eczema, characterised by redness, itching and sometimes cracks or fissures.

Once eczema develops, you may need anti-inflammatory treatments on top of moisturisers, so it’s best to prevent that stage altogether.

1. Do use a moisturiser daily. This is non-negotiable if you want to maintain a healthy skin barrier.
2. Don’t rely on water alone. Some believe that skipping soap and just using water keeps skin healthier, but water actually washes away natural moisturising factors, worsening dryness—especially on hands.
3. Do avoid extreme temperature changes. Rapid transitions from warm indoor air to cold outdoor air can aggravate dryness.
4. Do be mindful of stress. High stress levels increase transepidermal water loss (TEWL), weakening the skin barrier and triggering inflammatory responses.

Look for products that mimic the skin’s natural lipids and combine different functional components:

• Ceramides, cholesterol, free fatty acids – these lipids replicate the skin’s own barrier-forming oils.
• Humectants (e.g., glycerine) – attract and hold moisture within the skin.
• Occlusives (e.g., petrolatum, paraffin) – create a protective “lid” to prevent water evaporation.

A well-formulated cream balances all three categories. Avoid using pure natural oils (like olive or coconut) on their own, as they lack the full range of lipids and can oxidise, further compromising the barrier.

• Limit hot or lengthy showers. Keep baths or showers short and use lukewarm water to avoid stripping oils.
• Apply moisturiser in the direction of hair growth immediately after bathing. Pat the skin dry so it’s still slightly damp, then lock in hydration with your cream.
• Protect hands from prolonged water exposure. If you have hand eczema, wear gloves when washing dishes or working in humid environments.
• Manage stress. Simple relaxation techniques—such as mindfulness or gentle exercise—can reduce TEWL and support barrier repair.

• “Moisturisers make your skin dependent.” This is false. Good creams support and reinforce your natural barrier; they don’t “weaken” it.
• “Natural oils are always safe.” While some people tolerate pure oils, they don’t supply the full spectrum of lipids your skin needs. In fact, oils can oxidise and damage the barrier if used alone.
• “If my skin is dry, more water is the answer.” Pure water alone actually strips away the skin’s own moisturising factors, worsening dryness. Always follow cleansing with an appropriate moisturiser.

Use a good moisturiser—daily, without fail—and avoid factors that aggravate dryness. If you’re prone to dry skin, choose a formula rich in barrier-mimicking lipids, humectants and occlusives. And if dryness persists or worsens, consult a dermatologist for personalised advice.